Factors Influencing Labour Turnover Intentions in Non-Governmental Organization: Insights from Christian Social Service Commission (CSSC) in Dar es Salaam
Article Main Content
Managing labour turnover is critical for any organization sustainability and competitiveness. In the past, turnover was higher in government organizations as compared to non-Governmental Organizations. Currently however, non-Governmental organizations are facing difficulties to retain good performers, experienced and well trained employees due to high turnover. This study attempted to assess factors influencing labour turnover intentions in non-Governmental Organizations by taking the case of the Christian Social Service Commission (CSSC) in Dar es Salaam. Specifically, the study sought to assess how work-related factors, organization factors and personal factors influence labour turnover intentions at CSSC. A case study design and quantitative approach were employed in this study. Data was collected from 80 employees through standardized questionnaire, and both descriptive and inferential statistics procedures were applied in data analysis. The research revealed that organization factors and work-related factors moderately influence turnover intentions, whereas the personal factors had no significant influence. In this respect improving on salaries, fringe benefits, personal career advancement opportunities, involvement in decision making, friendly organization policies, job securities to name a few will scale down turnover intensions. However, further studies can be carried out including more variables than those assessed in this study to reveal factors affecting labour turnover intentions.
References
-
Alias, N. E., Rohmanan, N. H., Koe, S. I. W. Othman, R. (2018). “Factors Influencing Turnover Intention in a Malaysian Manufacturing Company” “Factors Influencing Turnover Intention in a Malaysian Manufacturing Company” in International Conference on Economics, Business and Economic Education, KnE Social Sciences, pages 771–787. DOI 10.18502/kss.v3i10.3171
Google Scholar
1
-
Anvari, R, Z. JianFu&Chermahini, S. H. (2014). Effective Strategy for Solving Voluntary Turnover Problem among Employees. Roya Anvari et al. / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 129, 186-190.
Google Scholar
2
-
Armstrong, M., & Taylor, S. (2017). Armstrong handbook of human resource management practice (13th ed.). London: Kogan Page.
Google Scholar
3
-
Batt, R. (2011). An Employment Systems Approach to Turnover: Human Resources Practices, Quits, Dismissals, and Performance. Academy of Management Journal, 54(4), 695-717. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23045107
Google Scholar
4
-
Chandra, S. F. & Anjaiah, P. (2019). The impact of coworker support and organizational embeddedness on turnover intention among restaurant employees, Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism, 18(3), 394-423. DOI: 10.1080/15332845.2019.1599789
Google Scholar
5
-
Dasilveira, I. , Yang, J. , Mensah, I. &Quarcoo, A. (2020). Human Resource Management Practices and Employee Turnover Intentions Nexus: Does the Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction Matter? Open Journal of Business and Management, 8, 1-29. doi: 10.4236/ojbm.2020.81001.
Google Scholar
6
-
Donkor, F., Appienti, W.A. &Achiaah, E. (2021). The Impact of Transformational Leadership Style on Employee Turnover Intention in State-Owned Enterprises in Ghana. The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment. Public Organization. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11115-021-00509-5
Google Scholar
7
-
Eatough, E. M. (2010). Factors That Influence the Turnover Intentions of Employees in the Tourism Sector in Zimbabwe. International Journal of Management and Business Research, 5(12), 2226-8235.
Google Scholar
8
-
Favour, D. (2016). An Investigation into the Impact of Leadership Styles on Employee Retention: Identifying which Leadership Style best encourages Employee Retention in the Nigerian Banking Sector [Unpublished Theisis]. College of Ireland.
Google Scholar
9
-
Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. (1998). Multivariate data analysis (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Google Scholar
10
-
Herzberg, F. (1959). The motivation to work. New York: Wiley.
Google Scholar
11
-
Hussain, S., &Huei Xian, S. (2019). Factors Affecting Employees’ Turnover Intention in Construction Companies in Klang, Selangor. KnE Social Sciences, 3(22), 108–131. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i22.50
Google Scholar
12
-
Jayathilaka, A., & Ansari, M. (2021). Impact of NGO Governing Issues for the Employee Turnover Intention (A Study Based on Sri Lanka). Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Science, 9(8), 28-32. www.questjournals.org
Google Scholar
13
-
Kahiro, F.M. (2015). Influencing labour turnover in Commercial Banks: Case Study NBC Bank in Kenya [Unpublished Thesis]. Open University of Tanzania.
Google Scholar
14
-
Kilonzo J.M. (2018). Effects of Human Resources Policies on Turnover Level within the Banking Sector in Kenya. A case study of Barclays Bank Kenya Queensway Branch [Unpublished Research]. Management University of Africa
Google Scholar
15
-
Kline, R. B. (2015). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. Guilford publications.
Google Scholar
16
-
Latif, F.D.A &Saraih, U.N. (2016). Factors Influencing Employee Turnover in Private Sector: A Concept Paper. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 10(7), 51-55.
Google Scholar
17
-
Makhdoom, T. R. (2018). Employees’ exit from manufacturing organizations: Investigating the consequences. Pakistan Administrative Review, 2(2), 243-252. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-58645-1
Google Scholar
18
-
Marwa C.M. (2016). Analysis of Factors leading to teachers Mobility in Rural District Councils. A case of Simanjiro District Council in Tanzania [Unpublished Master’s thesis]. Mzumbe University Tanzania
Google Scholar
19
-
Mendis M. (2017). The Impact of Reward System on Employee Turnover Intention in Logistics Industry in Sri lanka. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 6(9).
Google Scholar
20
-
Mensah R.D. (2014). Effects of Human Resource Management Practices on Retention of Employees in the Banking Industry in Accra, Ghana [Unpublished Research Paper]. Kenyatta University, Kenya
Google Scholar
21
-
Mustafa K. (2016). The Impact of Employee Training and Innovation on Turnover Intention: An Empirical Research. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 6(1).
Google Scholar
22
-
Ndamo, M. P. (2019). Causes and Effects of Labour Turnover on the Performance of Local Government Authorities in Tanzania: A Case of Iramba District Council [Unpublished Master’s thesis]. The Open University of Tanzania.
Google Scholar
23
-
Nzobanaliba, F. (2019). The impact of Employees Turnover on Organization Performance a case of the Office of Attorney General. [Unpublished Research]. University of Dar es Salaam.
Google Scholar
24
-
Omofonmwan, S.I. & Odia, L.O. (2009). The Role of Non-Governmental Organisations in Community Development: Focus on Edo State–Nigeria. The Anthropologist, 11:4, 247-254. DOI: 10.1080/09720073.2009.11891111
Google Scholar
25
-
Pallant, J. (2015). SPSS Survival Manual: A step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS for Windows (Version 12). Crow’s Nest, NSW: Allen & Unwin.
Google Scholar
26
-
Pillay, S. (2011). Employee retention: A multiple case study of South African national government departments. [Unpublished doctoral thesis]. Durban University of Technology.
Google Scholar
27
-
Rizwan, M., Arshad, M. Q., Munir, H. M. A., Iqbal, F., & Hussain, A. (2014). Determinants of Employees intention to leave: A Study from Pakistan. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 4(3), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.5296/
Google Scholar
28
-
Ryu,S., & Jinnai, Y. (2020). Effects of Monetary Incentives on Teachers Turnover. A longitudinal Analysis. Public Personnel Management Journal, 5(2),13-19.
Google Scholar
29
-
Subramony, M., &Holtom, B. C., (2011). Customer Satisfaction as a Mediator of the Turnover- Performance Relationship. Journal of Organizational Psychology, 11(1).
Google Scholar
30
-
Uddin, M., Paul, R., Khan, T. & Ali, S. (2019). Exploring the Factors Affecting Employee’s Satisfaction in Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) of Bangladesh: An Experience from Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC). Open Journal of Social Sciences, 7, 1-23.doi: 10.4236/jss.2019.78001.
Google Scholar
31
-
URT. (2012). Assessment of the Social Welfare Workforce in Tanzania, Ministry of labour, Employment and Youth Development. Annual Report.
Google Scholar
32
-
Vroom, V. (1964). Work and Motivation. Wiley and Sons, New York.
Google Scholar
33
-
Wells, J., & Peachey, K. (2014). Examining the influence of transformational leadership, organization commitment, job embeddings, job search behavior on turnover intentions in intercollegiate athletics. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 35(8), 740-755.
Google Scholar
34
-
Zhang, Y. (2016). A Review of Employee Turnover Influence Factor and Countermeasure. Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies, 4(2), 85-91. https://doi.org/10.4236/jhrss.2016.42010
Google Scholar
35